HTML

🔹 What is HTML?

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language used to create and structure web pages. It tells the browser how content like text, images, links, and videos should appear on a webpage.

🔹 Why HTML is Important

HTML is the foundation of every website. Without HTML, web pages cannot be created. It works together with:

CSS → for design and styling
JavaScript → for interactivity

🔹 How HTML Works

HTML uses tags (elements) to structure content. These tags tell the browser what each part of the content means.

Example:

<h1>This is a Heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

<h1> → Heading
<p> → Paragraph

🔹 Basic Structure of an HTML Page

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Website</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
<p>This is my first webpage.</p>
</body>
</html>

Explanation:

<!DOCTYPE html> → Defines HTML version
<html> → Root element
<head> → Contains metadata (title, links)
<body> → Visible content

🔹 Key Components of HTML

1. Elements and Tags

HTML uses tags like <p>, <h1>, <a>
Most tags have opening and closing tags

2. Attributes

Provide extra information to elements

Example:

<a href=“https://example.com”>Visit</a>

href is an attribute

3. Headings

<h1> is largest, <h6> is smallest

4. Paragraphs

<p>This is a paragraph</p>

5. Links

<a href=“https://google.com”>Go to Google</a>

6. Images

7. Lists

Ordered list:

<ol>
<li>Item 1</li>
</ol>

Unordered list:

<ul>
<li>Item 1</li>
</ul>

8. Forms

Used to collect user input:

<form>
<input type=“text”>
</form>

🔹 Types of HTML

HTML → Basic structure
XHTML → Strict version of HTML
HTML5 → Latest version (modern features like video, audio, canvas)

🔹 Features of HTML

✔ Easy to learn
✔ Platform-independent
✔ Supports multimedia
✔ Works with all browsers

🔹 Advantages

Simple and beginner-friendly
Free and open standard
Supported by all web browsers

🔹 Limitations

Cannot create dynamic functionality alone
Needs CSS and JavaScript for advanced design and behavior

🔹 Conclusion

HTML is the backbone of web development. It structures the content of websites, while CSS makes it look attractive and JavaScript makes it interactive. Learning HTML is the first step to becoming a web developer.